Global borrowing and lending among international banks connect economies and improve capital allocation, promoting investment and larger growth outcomes. However, these linkages also pose risks of crisis that can spill across borders, such as failures to roll over funding or currency shocks. Using Locational Banking Statistics (LBS) collected by the Bank of International Settlements (BIS), this project visualizes funding networks, growth, and concentration to help assess vulnerabilities and inform policy.
Cross-border funding network
The Cross-border Funding Network illustrates the origin and destination of international funding flows. The chord diagram provides three complementary perspectives—regional, country-to-region, and country-specific—enabling users to examine financial hubs, key counterparties, and the concentration of exposures.
For clarity, the country-specific view is limited to the top 15 funding providers plus Mexico, which together account for approximately 93% of the network; the remaining countries are aggregated under “Other countries.”
Borrowing & Lending in Top Countries (USD trillions)
Expositions over time
The following three complementary views help characterize the dynamics of cross-border funding for specific geographies.
- Levels trace the evolution of claims, liabilities, and net positions over time, highlighting periods of expansion or retrenchment.
- Growth rates reveal turning points and shifts in momentum.
- Concentration, by the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI), captures how exposures become more or less diversified,
signaling potential vulnerabilities in the funding structure.